Blood in the Urine (Haematuria)
Haematuria means blood in the urine. It may be visible, turning the urine pink, red or brown, or it may only be detected on a urine test. Although there is often a harmless explanation, haematuria can be the first sign of a kidney or bladder problem and should always be checked.
Types of Haematuria
Visible haematuria – blood you can see in the urine. This always warrants assessment by a urologist, even if it happens only once and then clears.
Non-visible (microscopic) haematuria – blood seen only on a dipstick or laboratory test. Whether further tests are needed depends on your age, risk factors and whether it persists.
Common Causes
Urinary tract infection
Kidney or ureteric stones
An enlarged prostate (BPH)
Bladder, kidney or upper urinary tract cancer
Kidney (glomerular) disease
Recent strenuous exercise, trauma or instrumentation
Blood-thinning medication can make bleeding more noticeable, but does not explain it on its own
Investigations
A typical assessment includes:
Urine tests to check for infection and abnormal cells
Blood tests for kidney function
CT urogram (or ultrasound) to image the kidneys and ureters
Flexible cystoscopy to examine the inside of the bladder – a short procedure performed under local anaesthetic
When to Seek Urgent Care
Go to an emergency department if you have heavy bleeding with clots, are unable to pass urine, or have bleeding together with fever or severe pain.
Dr Samuel Davies, Consultant Urologist and Robotic Surgeon, provides prompt assessment of haematuria, including flexible cystoscopy, at his Brisbane rooms. To arrange an appointment, please contact our rooms on 07 3255 0311. A referral from your GP or specialist is needed to claim a Medicare rebate.
This page provides general information only and is not a substitute for an individual consultation. All surgical and medical procedures carry risks. Before proceeding, you should seek advice from an appropriately qualified health practitioner and, if you wish, a second opinion.